Treasure Trove secure

Last week I asked my mom if she would be willing to come to work with me on my day off. Crazy, I know, but she agreed & we did.

My order of archival materials had arrived from Gaylord, much quicker than expected (Love it!). So, mom & I went to work placing the glass negatives in acid free envelopes, cataloging each one, then placing them upright in an archival box.

Our work station in the hall

Mom looking at one of the large dry glass plates

Folding the edges around the dry glass plate

Almost wrapped

Cataloged and secure in their new home

Now that the 52 dry glass plates are protected, I have to figure out where to store them.Hopefully there is room in the climate controlled vault. Once that is done, I need to find someone to make two sets of prints- one archival & one for research.

What's in a (baby) name? Part 2

First off... who knew that the Hebrew name Mary means "sea of bitterness"? Really? So, of course, does the French version, Marie, and the diminutive version, Marion.

Post Card sent to Miss Mary Moriarty Greenwich, NY- June 17, 1906 

That said, other Hebrew names on the lists I provided last week are as follows:

Elizabeth- God is my oath

Ruth- friendship

Anna- gracious, merciful

Sarah- princess

Edna- delicacy, tenderness


I'm sensing a pattern here. It's a whole lot of sugar & nice. Where is the spice?


Let's try the English...
Alice- of noble kin
Ethel- noble
Margaret- pearl
Jennie- fair phantom, white wave
Annie- gracious, merciful (same in Hebrew & English, humph)
Rose- rose (duh)


OK. So we have more nobility coming in, shocking I know! Flowers & jewels. What's up with "fair phantom" and "white wave"? Oh, Jennifer (& the diminutive Jennie) come from the Welsh Gwynhwyfar. That would explain the strange meaning. I wonder why it was Anglicized? I thought the British loved the letter "Y" (tyres, pyjamas)?


The dead language of Latin, ladies & gentlemen.
Florence- prosperous, flowering
Frances- from France, (or my favorite) free
Julia- youthful, downy
Emma- universal
Grace- grace of God
Clara- illustrious


"Universal" is intriguing. "Free" is great (but I'm biased since Frances is my middle name).


On to the Greeks!
Helen- light
Irene- peace
Dorothy- gift of God


Wow, I was hoping for more pop from Athens and Sparta. I like "peace" though. My great-grandmother was named Irene.


The continental Europeans give more of the same.
German
Bertha- bright
Elsie- God is my oath (diminutive of Elizabeth)


French
Blanche- white


Spanish
Ella- young girl


So, not much unusual with the popular names for girls. The meanings show a strong tendency toward piety, beauty, femininity... I wasn't really surprised with the similarities in the lists either. The names are biblical, European, typical.


Next, I see what names I can find in the records that we might consider odd!


Check out http://www.babynames.com/ for more meanings.

What's in a (baby) name?

While creating a workable database of birth records, I thought it might be interesting to see if the baby names in the Town & Village of Greenwich follow along with the popular baby names of the country... or if they diverge. Since I get sidetracked by helping the public (being a public historian, that's what I'm here for), my self-created research tends to get left under a pile of dust for months at a time. In an effort to jump-start this concept, I decided to add it here. Periodically, as time allows, I will add updates to this ongoing project.

Here goes...

The 20(ish) Most Popular Baby GIRL Names in Greenwich, NY 1881-1913*
 1.)  Mary
 2.)  Elizabeth
 3.)  Helen
 4.)  Florence
 5.)  Bertha
 6.)  Alice
 7.)  Ruth
 8.)  Anna, Blanche, Irene, Marion, Sarah
 9.)  Ethel
10.) Dorothy, Elsie, Margaret
11.) Edna, Ella, Frances, Jennie, Julia

The 20(ish) Most Popular Baby GIRL Names in USA 1881-1913^
 1.)  Mary
 2.)  Anna
 3.)  Helen
 4.)  Margaret
 5.)  Elizabeth
 6.)  Ruth
 7.)  Florence
 8.)  Ethel
 9.)  Alice
10.) Dorothy
11.) Marie
12.) Emma
13.) Lillian
14.) Mildred
15.) Edna
16.) Annie
17.) Grace
18.) Rose
19.) Frances
20.) Clara

* compiled from Town & Village of Greenwich birth records 1881-1913
^ comipled from data on the Social Security Administration website http://www.ssa.gov/OACT/babynames/

Counties, counties...

So, back to the people counties in the US are named after... Did you think I forgot?

President #5 James Monroe & Francis "Swamp Fox" Marion tie "Honest Abe" with 17 counites each.

Revolutionary War Brigadier General Richard Montgomery & orator Henry Clay, Sr. (Secretary of State under John Quincy Adams, among other things) tie with 15 counties each. However, Clay County Iowa is named after Henry Clay, Jr., a war hero who died at the Battle of Buena Vista during the Mexican-American War. Colonel Clay was, of course, named after his father. So, maybe "Henry of the West" has the edge over the general.

What about our 4th president, James Madison? So glad you asked. Mr. Madison, Father of the Constitution, husband of Dolley, has, in fact, the 4th most popular county name. Nineteen counites to be exact! The 20th Madison County in Nebraska is named after Madison, WI, the hometown of the people who settled there. Wait a second... Madison, Wisconsin is named after James Madison too! Maybe we should count it as 20 since it doesn't disrupt the standings at all...

James Madison- 4th President (1809-1817)

There you have it, folks... I'll get back to local history next week.

Treasure of dry glass plates

About five years ago, I came into work at the Town of Greenwich offices, expecting the typical slow pace. Maybe have an email or two waiting for me to answer. Maybe a phone call from someone in Ohio or California looking for an ancestor buried in one of the cemeteries. What I found was an amazing donation, just sitting on my cluttered desk. Fifty-two dry glass plates in four disintegrating boxes. Eight of the plates had been developed at some point, & were included.

After a year or so, I was finally able to take the plates to Michael Noonan, a local photographer who has a passion for history & traditional photographic techniques. Michael & I looked them over & decided on a few of the images based on composition and historical detail. He made up contact sheets of the 13 images we selected. Then time got away from me.

While I was getting ready for last weekend's "We Grow History" History Fair at Greenwich High School, I thought about those glass plates & decided to bring them with me. Another local photographer & re-enactor, Cliff Oliver, was there. When I told him what I had with me, his eyes lit up. When I told him I had gloves with me... he got very excited. Between Cliff, and Tim Tefft, an amazing walking encyclopedia of local history, they were able to let me know that many of these images were local. Yay!

Dry glass plates were invented by Richard Leach Maddox in 1871. They replaced the wet glass plates by about 1880 because they didn't have to be treated before exposure & photographers could wait to develop the photographs at a later time. Also, because the dry glass plates were mass produced the silver nitrates in the gelatin emulsion were more consistently distributed allowing for sharper images. They would be commonly used until about 1920. Because the emulsion in these plates is starting to break down chemically, the next step is to spend some of my small yearly budget on some glass negative boxes & four-flap negative enclosures. I finally get to order from the Gaylord catalog! http://www.gaylord.com/adblock.asp?abid=958&search_by=desc&search_for=mr-4f45&mpc=MR&catalog=&target=

Anybody know of a grant that would help me fund the developing of this treasure trove of 52 dry glass plates?

Easton Political Equality Club

Right next door to Greenwich is an even more rural town called Easton. Most people think of Easton as the home of Grandma Moses, if they think of it at all. It is also home to Willard Mountain, the Washington County Fair and the first suffrage group in Washington County, the Easton Political Equality Club.



Chloe Sisson- circa 1880

 From 1891 to 1917 the Easton Political Equality Club had a mission- to prove to people that women, as citizens of the United States of America, deserved the right to vote. Like the "good wives" they were, Lucy Allen, Chloe Sisson and the ladies of the Easton PEC used their influence as wives & mothers, neighbors & friends, to convince many men in the area to vote in favor of female suffrage. This tireless effort culminated on November 6, 1917 when male voters all across New York approved the measure guaranteeing the right to vote to citizens of the state regardless of sex. The measure passed statewide by about 80,000 votes, in Washington County by 188 votes & in Easton by 18 votes. It would be another 3 years before the 19th Amendment would be ratified.

The women of the Easton PEC continued to serve their communities through the library, the grange, the school board, and a book club. We owe a debt of gratitude for all of the women, local & national, who paved the way for equality at the polls. Don't forget to vote!

If you would like to know more about the Easton Political Equality Club and the local suffrage movement, Teri Gay, author of Strength Without Compromise: Womanly Influence and Political Identity in Turn-of-the-Twentieth Century Rural Upstate New York (ISBN 9780984221509), will be speaking at the United Church in Greenwich on Monday, November 1, 2010 @ 7:00pm.

Washington County was once Charlotte County

Charlotte, Princess Royal- 1769

Some of you out there may know that Washington County used to be part of a larger area called Charlotte County, which grew out of Albany County in 1772 while we were still under British rule. I've always heard that the "Charlotte" was Queen Charlotte, wife of King George III who ruled the British Empire while we struggled to gain independence. However, recently I have read that the "Charlotte" is in fact the daughter of the afore mentioned king & queen. Two books about Rensselaer County, which was also once part of Charlotte County, state that eldest daughter Charlotte Augusta Matilda, Princess Royal was the inspiration for the county name.

This got me thinking about whether there were ever, or still are, any other Charlotte counties in the US. According to Wikipedia there are no other defunct Charlotte counties, but there are two current ones. Charlotte County, Virginia is aparently named after Queen Charlotte, wife of King George III. So is Charlotte County, Florida... but in a round-about way. Carlos Bay was renamed Charlotte Harbor by the British. The county was named after the harbor, which was named after the queen... Confused yet?

So... How many counties are named after George Washington you might ask?

Washington is the most popular county name in the country. Thirty-one states have a county named after our first president. (Louisianna has one though it is called a "parish". Alaska does not, but it would be called a borough.) The next closest is Jefferson County with 26. All of them appear to be named after our third president. Then it gets complicated...

There are 25 counties named Franklin, 24 named Jackson & 24 more named Lincoln. They are obviously named after Benjaimn Franklin, Andrew Jackson & Abraham Lincoln. Right? Not exactly. Franklin County, Idaho is named after Mormon apostle Franklin D. Richards. Franklin County, Texas is named after Judge Benjamin Cromwell Franklin. (Doesn't it sound like he was at least named after the founding father?) Jackson County, Georgia was named after Revolutionary War veteran & govenor James Jackson. So, it looks like Ben & Andy are tied for third.

What about Abe? Out of twenty-four Lincoln counties only 17 are named for our 16th president. Five Lincoln counties in Georgia, Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina and Tennessee are named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln who accepted the surrender of Cornwallis after the Battle of Yorktown. Lincoln County, South Dakota is named after Lincoln County, Maine which is named after a city in England.

Who, if anyone, beat out Honest Abe for fourth place...
(James) Madison County- 20
(Henry) Clay County- 18
(Richard) Montgomery County- 18
(James) Monroe County- 17
(Francis) Marion County- 17

I'll let you know when I figure it out.

The White Swan Hotel

The corner of Main Street and Washington Square/ Salem Street has always been the heart of the village of Greenwich. In 1810, when Greenwich was Union Village, David Whipple built a tavern on the northwest corner. In 1851, the wood frame building was replaced by a modern brick structure. It no longer catered to the "demon rum" as the Temperance Movement was sweeping through the area. Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, visited the temperance house on July 4, 1852.

Shortly thereafter, however, the building came under new management. The new Union House was up and running and alcohol was back on the menu. Over the next 70 plus years the business would continue to operate under various owners and names- the Blakeley House, the Hamilton House... Until June 30, 1926 when it re-opened as the White Swan Hotel with updated hot & cold plumbing and new floors. The new name came from the White Swan bottled water company of Fort Edward, NY.

The White Swan was a major business in the village until February 13, 1971 when fire destroyed the three story edifice. The restaurant, bar and movie theater that were such an integral part of life in this small community were gone. Also lost were three men, Gail Gilchrist, Edward A. Tefft, Sr. and Raymond W. Worden who died of smoke inhalation on the second floor. A month later, the site was cleared and replaced by a small brick bank. The unimposing structure still houses a bank today, Trustco.

I recently received a package in the mail from DP Edeline of San Pedro, CA. In it were some photographs and documents related to the Fuller/Parkerson families. One of the photographs is shown here... The White Swan Hotel in 1961.

Chester Alan Arthur

Did you know... that Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the USA, lived in Greenwich?

Statue of Arthur at Union College

Arthur was born in North Fairfield, Vermont (http://www.historicvermont.org/sites/html/arthur.html) in 1829. After heading various congregations in VT and NY, his father, the baptist minister Rev. William Arthur, moved the family to Greenwich (then Union Village) in 1839. Rev. Arthur remained pastor of the Bottskill Baptist Church until 1844. By that time, young Chet had graduated from Union Village Academy and was attending Union College in Schenectady, NY.

Arthur became president on September 20, 1881, the day after the death of President James A. Garfield. Garfield was shot three months prior, by Charles Guiteau at a train station in Washington, D.C. Arthur was not elected president in his own right. The nomination went to James G. Blaine (R-ME), who lost to Grover Cleveland (D-NY) in 1884.

Chester Alan Arthur died of natural causes on November 18, 1886 at the age of 57. He is buried in Albany Rural Cemetery. (http://www.presidentialgraves.com/graves/chester-a-arthur)



NY State marker



Little is known of the future president's youthful days in our village. His sister Mary, who would serve as hostess during his presidency, was born here in 1841. The house the Arthur's lived in still stands, though it has been moved twice. The old parsonage now sits on Gray Avenue, just a few blocks from its original location. A NY State marker commemorates the site.

Books of Interest:

Adult-

Chester Alan Arthur by Zachary Karabell- ISBN 9780805069518

Gentleman Boss: The Life of Chester Alan Arthur by Thomas C. Reeves- ISBN 0394460952

The Complete State of the Union Address of Chester A. Arthur- ISBN 9781406589665

Continental Liar From the State of Maine: James G. Blaine by Neil Rolde- ISBN 9780884482864

Dark Horse: The Surprise Election and Political Murder of James A. Garfield by Kenneth D. Ackerman- ISBN 9780786711512

Children-

Chester A. Arthur: Twenty-First President: 1881 - 1885 by Mike Venezia ISBN 9780516254012

Introducing... Greenwich, NY

Let's get something out of the way right now... For those of you reading who may not be from Upstate NY, it is pronounced 'green-witch', not 'gren-itch'. We don't know why. It just is. The school mascot, yep, you guessed it, a green witch... the Greenwich Witches. The symbol on the town letterhead... a green witch. We've embraced it. It's been this way since 1803.

Moving on... Nestled in the crook of the Hudson and Battenkill Rivers, our little town (and village of the same name) is beautiful, almost idyllic. Greenwich has been the home of some famous Americans, who will be mentioned in this blog, but I will also touch on the history of everyday life. I'm sure there will be sensational stories from time to time... So, keep checking back for a taste of small town history.